Brown the beef: Heat a large deep skillet over medium-high. Add the ground beef and cook, breaking it up, until no longer pink, 5–7 minutes.
If the pan is dry, add olive oil. Drain excess fat if needed.
Sauté aromatics: Add onion, garlic, and bell pepper. Cook until softened and fragrant, about 3–4 minutes.
Stir in oregano, basil, red pepper flakes, salt, and black pepper.
Build the sauce: Pour in marinara and beef broth. Stir to combine and bring to a gentle simmer.
Add the noodles: Nestle broken no-boil lasagna sheets (or pasta) into the simmering sauce. Press them down so they’re mostly submerged.
Reduce heat to medium.
Simmer and stir: Cook, stirring every couple of minutes to prevent sticking, until pasta is al dente and sauce thickens, 10–12 minutes. If the skillet looks dry before the pasta is tender, add a splash of broth or water.
Add greens: Fold in spinach or kale and cook until wilted, 1–2 minutes. Taste and adjust salt and pepper.
Make it “lasagna”: Dollop cottage cheese over the top in spoonfuls.
Sprinkle with half the mozzarella and half the Parmesan. Gently stir just once or twice to marble the cheeses into the sauce without fully blending.
Finish cheesy top: Sprinkle remaining mozzarella and Parmesan evenly over the surface. Cover the skillet with a lid and let it sit over low heat for 2–3 minutes until the cheese melts and turns gooey.
Garnish and serve: Remove from heat.
Let stand 3 minutes to set slightly. Top with chopped basil or parsley. Serve hot.